These are 41 Most Useful SSH Putty commands to help you manage the VPS (Virtual Private Server) or Dedicated Server.
These putty commands should help you in daily work on the server. I have included SSH Putty commands for all major Linux distributions like Cent-OS, Ubuntu
(1)How to connect to Server using putty
Download Putty here
(a)Provide Hostname or IP address of the VPS or dedicated server
(b) Choose SSH or telnet
(c) For SSH, it will ask for verification of keys
(d) Provide username and password and login to the system
we can use the puttycm tool.It is very useful if you are managing multiple server
nano <file name> : This will open filename for edit.
(13) How to create a directory
mkdir command is used to create a directory
mkdir image
(14) How to remove the file
rm command can be used to delete the file
rm <file name>
(15) How to change the password for the username
As root user
passwd <user name>
As user only
passwd
(16) How to remove the directory
rmdir can be used to delete the directory. The directory must be empty for deletion from this command
rmdir <directory name>
(17) How to kill a process
Sometimes, you may want to kill a stuck process. You can use the kill command to do it. We need to get the PID of the process and then kill using the below command
kill <pid>
(18) How to search for a string across the files
You can use the grep command to do it. Read the below-detailed article on it
You may often want to backup the directory or folder before performing changes on the system. We can use the tar command for this. It is a very useful utility to perform backup
If the file is large, we can use more here to scroll as required
cat <file name>|more
(21) How to download files from external locations
Use the wget command.
wget http://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
(22) How to change ownership of the files or directory
chown can be used to do it
chown tech:tech <filename>
chown -R tech:tech <directory name> : It will change ownership in the directory recursively
(23) How to change the permission of the files
We can use the chmod command for that
chmod 755 <file name>
(24) How to find the system name and version
uname -a
(25) How to find the version of Ubuntu running on the system
cat /etc/issue
(26) how to walk into the directories
We use the cd command to walk into directories
cd <directory name>
To come out of the directory, we use
cd ..
(27) How to copy the files
Use the cp command to do it
cp <file name1> <filename 2>
(28) How to rename the files or directories
Use mv command
mv file1 file2
(29) How to check for Port usage in the system
netstat -anp|grep <port no>
(30) How to shutdown the box
Type shutdown command shutdown
(31) How to check what all users are logged into the box
Use finger command
finger
(32) How to check for running processes on the system
Use ps command
ps -ef|grep <process name>
ps -ef|grep mysql
(33) How to check the used and free RAM on the box
Use free command
free
(34) How to enable service to start on reboot?
We can use chkconfig or systemctl command for this
chkconfig mysqld on
systemctl mysqld enable
(35) How to find files across directories
We can use the find command find . -name "test*" -print
find command: -find command in Unix with an example, How to use find command in Unix. Unix find directory command, how to find based on modified time
(36) How to read the large file in the command line We can use more commands to read the large file in the command line
more
(37)Printing last few lines
We can use the tail command to print the lines at the end of the file
tail We can specify the number of lines also tail -100 alert.log
(38)Printing starting few lines
We can use the head command to print the lines at the start of the file
head We can specify the number of lines also head -100 alert.log
(39)command line history
We can use the history command to print all the commands executed recently. This can help us find the command executed
history
(40)File Manipulation command We can use awk or sed for that. These are very powerful command ps -ef|grep pmon|awk '{print $NF}'
Please read the below articles for details
sed command:- sed command is a Stream Editor – works as a filter processing input line by line And here are 32 Useful sed command examples in Linux/Unix awk command:-Awk command in Unix or Linux is a powerful command for processing text. Learn about awk syntax, records, fields, line Separator with examples of awk in Unix
(41)man command to know about the option for the above command We can use man man history
I hope you like this compilation of useful SSH Putty commands. This is not at all the complete list. I have just tried to compile the most used ones. Please do let me know what other command should I add to this list
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Thanks for sharing the knowledge, keep up the good work.
Thanks Princess
Typo fix; lowercase u in uptime
thanks.I have fix it